Sara Knox
Research Area
Education
University of California, Berkeley, 2016, PhD
Carleton University, MSc
McGill University, BSc
About
I study the exchange of carbon, water and energy between ecosystems and the atmosphere. I investigate how land atmosphere exchanges of greenhouse gas fluxes respond to a changing climate and disturbances, and how we can modify land management practices for climate change mitigation and adaptation. I also seek to understand how ecosystem responses to global change can feedback to slow or accelerate future climate change. I combine micrometeorological measurements with remote sensing and modelling to understand soil-plant-atmosphere interactions across a range of spatial and temporal scales. This research is done in collaboration with a broad group of researchers and institutions to help inform and advance climate policy.
Teaching
Publications
2022
Lee, S. C., S. H. Knox, I. McKendry, and T. A. Black. 2022. Biogeochemical and biophysical responses to episodes of wildfire smoke from natural ecosystems in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2 (4): 2333-2349.
2021
Zhang, Z., B. Poulter, S. Knox, A. Stavert, G. McNicol, E. Fluet-Chouinard, A. Feinberg, Y. Zhao, P. Bousquet, J. G. Canadell, A. Ganesan, G. Hugelius, G. Hurtt, R. B. Jackson, P. K. Patra, M. Saunois, L. Höglund-Isaksson, C. Huang, A. Chatterjee, X, Li. 2021. Anthropogenic emission is the main contributor to the rise of atmospheric methane during 1993–2017. National Science Review 9 (5). doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwab200
Lee, S. C., T. A. Black, M. Nyberg, M. Merkens, Z. Nesic, D. Ng, S. H. Knox. 2021. Biophysical impacts of historical disturbances, restoration strategies, and vegetation types in a peatland ecosystem. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 126 (10). doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JG006532
Miller, G. J., I. Dronova, P. Oikawa, S. H. Knox, L. Windham-Myers, J. Shahan, and E. Stuart-Haëntjens. 2021. The potential of satellite remote sensing time series to uncover wetland phenology under unique challenges of tidal setting. Remote Sensing 13 (18). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183589
Irvin, J., S. Zhou, G. McNicol, F. Lu, V. Liu, E. Fluet-Chouinard, Z. Ouyang, S.H. Knox, A. Lucas-Moffat, C. Trotta, D. Papale, D. Vitale, I. Mammarella, P. Alekseychik, M. Aurela, A. Avati, D. Baldocchi, S. Bansal, G. Bohrer, D.I. CampbellShow lessJ. Chen, H. Chu, H.J. Dalmagro, K.B. Delwiche, A.R. Desai, E. Euskirchen, S. Feron, M. Goeckede, M. Heimann, M. Helbig, C. Helfter, K.S. Hemes, T. Hirano, H. Iwata, G. Jurasinski, A. Kalhori, A. Kondrich, D.Y. Lai, A. Lohila, A. Malhotra, L. Merbold, B. Mitra, A. Ng, M.B. Nilsson, A. Noormets, M. Peichl, A.C. Rey-Sanchez, A.D. Richardson, B.R. Runkle, K.V. Schäfer, O. Sonnentag, E. Stuart-Haëntjens, C. Sturtevant, M. Ueyama, A.C. Valach, R. Vargas, G.L. Vourlitis, E.J. Ward, G.X. Wong, D. Zona, M.C.R. Alberto, D.P. Billesbach, G. Celis, H. Dolman, T. Friborg, K. Fuchs, S. Gogo, M.J. Gondwe, J.P. Goodrich, P. Gottschalk, L. Hörtnagl, A. Jacotot, F. Koebsch, K. Kasak, R. Maier, T.H. Morin, E. Nemitz, W.C. Oechel, P.Y. Oikawa, K. Ono, T. Sachs, A. Sakabe, E.A. Schuur, R. Shortt, R.C. Sullivan, D.J. Szutu, E.-S. Tuittila, A. Varlagin, J.G. Verfaillie, C. Wille, L. Windham-Myers, B. Poulter, R.B. Jackson. 2021. Gap-filling eddy covariance methane fluxes: Comparison of machine learning model predictions and uncertainties at FLUXNET-CH4 wetlands. Agriculture and Forest Meteorology 308–309, 108528. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AGRFORMET.2021.108528
Knox, S. H., S. Bansal, G. McNicol, K. Schafer, C.Sturtevant, Ma. Ueyama, A. C. Valach, D. Baldocchi, K. Delwiche, A. R. Desai, E. Euskirchen, J. Liu, A. Lohila, A. Malhotra, L. Melling, W. Riley, B. R. K. Runkle, J. Turner, R. Vargas, Q. Zhu, T. Alto, E. Fluet-Chouinard, M. Goeckede, J. R. Melton, O. Sonnentag, T. Vesala, E. Ward, Z. Zhang, S. Feron, Z. Ouyang, P. Alekseychik, M. Aurela, G. Bohrer, D. I. Campbell, J. Chen, H. Chu, H. J. Dalmagro, J. P. Goodrich, P. Gottschalk, T. Hirano, H. Iwata, G. Jurasinski, M. Kang, F. Koebsch, Ivan Mammarella, M. B. Nilsson, K. Ono, M. Peichl, O. Peltola, Y. Ryu, T. Sachs, A. Sakabe, J. P. Sparks, E.-S. Tuittila, G. L. Vourlitis, G. Xhuan Wong, L. Windham-Myers, B. Poulter, R. B. Jackson. 2021. Identifying dominant environmental predictors of freshwater wetland methane fluxes across diurnal to seasonal time scales. Global Change Biology 27(15). doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15661
Delwiche, K., S. H. Knox, A. Malhotra, E. Fluet-Chouinard, G. McNicol, S. Feron, Z. Ouyang, D. Papale, C. Trotta, E. Canfora, Y.-W. Cheah, D. Christianson, M. C. R. Alberto, P. Alekseychik, M. Aurela, D. Baldocchi, S. Bansal, D. P. Billesbach, G. Bohrer, R. Bracho, N. Buchmann, D. I. Campbell, G. Celis, J. Chen, H. Chu, H. J. Dalmagro, S. Dengel, A. R. Desai, M. Detto, H. Dolman, E. Eichelmann, E. Euskirchen, D. Famulari, K. Fuchs, M. Goeckede, S. Gogo, M. J. Gondwe, J. P. Goodrich, P. Gottschalk, S. L. Graham, M. Heimann, M. Helbig, C. Helfter, K. S. Hemes, T. Hirano, D. Hollinger, L. Hörtnagl, H. Iwata, A. Jacotot, G. Jurasinski, M. Kang, K. Kasak, J. King, J. Klatt, F. Koebsch, K. W. Krauss, D. Y. F. Lai, A. Lohila, I. Mammarella, L. Belelli Marchesini, G. Manca, J. H. Matthes, T. Maximov, L. Merbold, B. Mitra, T. H. Morin, E. Nemitz, M. B. Nilsson, S. Niu, W. C. Oechel, P. Y. Oikawa, K. Ono, M. Peichl, O. Peltola, M. L. Reba, A. D. Richardson, W. Riley, B. R. K. Runkle, Y. Ryu, T. Sachs, A. Sakabe, C. R. Sanchez, E. A. Schuur, K. V. R. Schäfer, O. Sonnentag, J. P. Sparks, E. Stuart-Haëntjens, Cove. Sturtevant, R. C. Sullivan, D. J. Szutu, J.E. Thom, M. S. Torn, E. Tuittila, J. Turner, M. Ueyama, A.C. Valach, R. Vargas, A. Varlagin, A. Vazquez-Lule, J. G. Verfaillie, T. Vesala, G. L. Vourlitis, E. J. Ward, C. Wille, G. Wohlfahrt, G. X. Wong, Z. Zhang, D. Zona, L. Windham-Myers, B. Poulter, R. B. Jackson. 2021. FLUXNET-CH4: A global, multi-ecosystem dataset and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands. Earth System Science Data Discussions 13(7): 3607-3689. doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3607-2021.
2020
FEAGIN, R. A., FORBRICH, I., HUFF, T. P., BARR, J. G., RUIZ-PLANCARTE, J., FUENTES, J. D., NAJJAR, R. G., VARGAS, R., VÁZQUEZ-LULE, A., WINDHAM-MYERS, L., KROEGER, K. D., WARD, E. J., MOORE, G. W., LECLERC, M., KRAUSS, K. W., STAGG, C. L., ALBER, M., KNOX, S. H., SCHÄFER, K. V. R., BIANCHI, T. S., HUTCHINGS, J. A., NAHRAWI, H., NOORMETS, A., MITRA, B., JAIMES, A., HINSON, A. L., BERGAMASCHI, B., KING, J. S. and MIAO, G. 2020 ‘Tidal Wetland Gross Primary Production Across the Continental United States, 2000–2019’ Global Biogeochemical Cycles 34(2) https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GB006349
2019
KNOX, S. H., JACKSON, R. B., POULTER, B., MCNICOL, G., FLUET-CHOUINARD, E., ZHANG, Z., HUGELIUS, G., BOUSQUET, P., CANADELL, J. G., SAUNOIS, M. […] ZONA, D. 2019 ‘FLUXNET-CH4 Synthesis Activity: Objectives, Observations, and Future Directions’ Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 100(12), 2607–2632 https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0268.1
PELTOLA, O., VESALA, T., GAO, Y., RÄTY, O., PAVEL, A., AURELA, M., CHOJNICKI, B., DESAI, A. R., DOLMAN, A. J., EUSKIRCHEN, E. S., FRIBORG, T., GÖCKEDE, M., HELBIG, M., HUMPHREYS, E., JACKSON, R. B., JOCHER, G., JOOS, F., KLATT, J., KNOX, S. H., KOWALSKA, N., KUTZBACH, L., LIENERT, S. […] AALTO, T. 2019 ‘Monthly gridded data product of northern wetland methane emissions based on upscaling eddy covariance observations’ Earth System Science Data Discussions 11(3), 1263–1289 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1263-2019
KIM, Y., JOHNSON, M. S., KNOX, S. H., BLACK, T. A., DALMAGRO, H. J., KANG, M., KIM, J. and BALDOCCHI, D. 2019 ‘Gap‐filling approaches for eddy covariance methane fluxes: A comparison of three machine learning algorithms and a traditional method with principal component analysis’ Global Change Biology 26(3), 1499-1518 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14845
MCNICOL, G., KNOX, S. H., GUILDERSON, T. P., BALDOCCHI, D. D. and SILVER, W. L. 2019 ‘Where old meets new: An ecosystem study of methanogenesis in a reflooded agricultural peatland’ Global Change Biology 26(2), 772-785 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14916
2018
KNOX, S. H., WINDHAM-MYERS, L., ANDERSON, F. E., STURTEVANT, C. and BERGAMASCHI, B. 2018 ‘Direct and Indirect Effects of Tides on Ecosystem‐Scale CO2 Exchange in a Brackish Tidal Marsh in Northern California’ Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 123(3), 787-806
WINDHAM-MYERS, L., BERGAMASCHI, B., ANDERSON, F., KNOX, S. H., MILLER, R. and FUJII, R. 2018 ‘Potential for negative emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4 and N2O) through coastal peatland re-establishment: Novel insights from high frequency flux data at meter and kilometer scales’ Environmental Research Letters 13(4), 045005
EICHELMANN, E., HEMES, K. S., KNOX, S. H., OIKAWA, P. Y., CHAMBERLAIN, S. D., STURTEVANT, C., VERFAILLIE, J. and BALDOCCHI, D. D. 2018 ‘The effect of land cover type and structure on evapotranspiration from agricultural and wetland sites in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta, California’ Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 256-257, 179-195 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.03.007
HEMES, K., EICHELMANN, E., CHAMBERLAIN, S., KNOX, S. H., OIKAWA, P., STURTEVANT, C., VERFAILLIE, J. and BALDOCCHI, D. D. 2018 ‘A Unique Combination of Aerodynamic and Surface Properties Contribute to Surface Cooling in Restored Wetlands of the Sacramento‐San Joaquin Delta, California’ Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 123(7), 2072-2090 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004494
HEMES, K., CHAMBERLAIN, S., EICHELMANN, E., KNOX, S. H., and BALDOCCHI, D. D. 2018 ‘A Biogeochemical Compromise: The High Methane Cost of Sequestering Carbon in Restored Wetlands’ Geophysical Research Letters 45(12), 6081-6091 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077747
DEVENTER, M. J., JIAO, Y., RHEW, R. C., TURNIPSEED, A., KNOX, S. H., LEWIS, J., ANDERSON, F. and MILLER, B. 2018 ‘Ecosystem‐Scale Measurements of Methyl Halide Fluxes From a Brackish Tidal Marsh Invaded With Perennial Pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium)’ Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 123(7), 2104-2120 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004536
HOLMQUIST, J. R., WINDHAM-MYERS, L., BERNAL, B., BYRD, K., CROOKS, S., GONNEEA, M., HEROLD, N., KNOX, S. H., KROEGER, K., MCCOMBS, J., MEGONIGAL, P., MENG, L., MORRIS, J., SUTTON-GRIER, A., TROXLER, T. and WELLER, D. 2018 ‘Uncertainty in United States coastal wetland greenhouse gas inventorying’ Environmental Research Letters 13, 115005
2017
KNOX, S. H., DRONOVA, I., STURTEVANT, C., OIKAWA, P. Y., MATTHES, J. H., VERFAILLIE, J. and BALDOCCHI, D. D. 2017 ‘Using digital camera and Landsat imagery with eddy covariance data to model gross primary production in restored wetlands’ Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 237-238, 233-245 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.02.020
MCNICOL, G., STURTEVANT, C. S., KNOX, S. H., DRONOVA, I., BALDOCCHI, D. D. and SILVER, W. L. 2017 ‘Effects of seasonality, transport pathway, and spatial structure on greenhouse gas fluxes in a restored wetland’ Global Change Biology 23(7), 2768-2782 doi: 10.1111/gcb.13580
OIKAWA, P. Y., JENERETTE, G. D., KNOX, S. H., STURTEVANT, C., VERFAILLIE, J., DRONOVA, I., POINDEXTER, C. M., EICHELMANN, E. and BALDOCCHI, D. D. 2017 ‘Evaluation of a hierarchy of models reveals importance of substrate limitation for predicting carbon dioxide and methane exchange in restored wetlands’ Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 122(1), 145-167 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003438
OIKAWA, P. Y., STURTEVANT, C. S., KNOX, S. H., VERFAILLIE, J., HUANG, Y. W. and BALDOCCHI, D. D. 2017 ‘Revisiting the partitioning of net ecosystem exchange of CO2 into photosynthesis and respiration with simultaneous flux measurements of 13CO2 and CO2, soil respiration and a biophysical model, CANVEG’ Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 234-235, 149-163 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.12.016
XIN, F., XIAO, X. M., ZHAO, B. I. N., MIYATA, A., BALDOCCHI, D., KNOX, S. H., SHIM, K., CHEN, B., LI, X., WANG, J., DONG, J. and BIRADAR, C. 2017 ‘Modeling gross primary production of paddy rice cropland through analyses of data from CO2 eddy flux tower sites and MODIS images’ Remote Sensing of Environment 190, 42-55 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.11.025
